To what extent did external factors rather than internal factors contribute to the growth of two independence movements?

Candidates will consider the merits or otherwise of the concept that external rather than internal factors contributed to the growth of two independence movements and, depending on the examples chosen, may argue that either one was more influential. While the focus of the response must be within the timeframe of this topic, the two movements chosen need not have occurred at the same time and they may or may not be chosen from the same region. Responses will be confined to the period of the growth of the independence movements and references to the period after the achievement of independence are unlikely to be relevant. Explicit links will be provided, indicating how the factors identified affected the growth of the independence movements. Each independence movement may be considered separately or a thematic approach adopted to compare the impact of internal and external factors that may have affected each movement.