“The influence of foreign powers determined the outcome of 20th century civil wars.” Discuss with reference to two wars.

Candidates will offer a considered and balanced review of the hypothesis that the outcomes of two 20th-century civil wars were determined by the influence of foreign powers. While the focus of the response must be within the timeframe of this topic, the two wars chosen need not be contemporaneous and they may or may not be chosen from the same region. Candidates may determine that the influence of foreign powers was the most significant factor in the outcome of one or both wars or alternatively argue that other factors were of equal or more importance in one or both wars. Each war may be considered separately or a thematic approach may be used if the candidates choose to compare the ways in, and the extent to, which foreign influence played a role.