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Date November 2019 Marks available 4 Reference code 19N.2.bp.2
Level SL and HL Paper 2 Time zone
Command term Explain Question number 2 Adapted from N/A

Question

Briefly outline how the natural greenhouse effect operates. 

[2]
a.

Explain how the global energy balance can be changed by solar radiation variations.

[2]
b.i.

Explain how the global energy balance can be changed by global dimming due to volcanic eruptions.

[2]
b.ii.

Explain two reasons why sea-level change may result from global warming.

Reason 1:

 

 

Reason 2:

 

 

[4]
c.

Markscheme

Longwave/outgoing radiation [1] is absorbed by greenhouse gases [1], heating up the atmosphere [1].

a.

Solar flaring / sunspot activity / solar cycles or increase/decrease in solar activity [1] can change the amount of shortwave radiation entering the system [1].

b.i.

Increased aerosols / dust / particles in the atmosphere [1] preventing the input of shortwave radiation [1].

b.ii.

In each case, credit a valid reason [1] and award [1] for development/exemplification that explains change in sea level.

For example:

Accept evaporation and drop in sea level ONLY when specifically related to inland seas.

c.

Examiners report

[N/A]
a.
[N/A]
b.i.
[N/A]
b.ii.
[N/A]
c.

Syllabus sections

Unit 2: Global climate—vulnerability and resilience » 2.2. Consequences of global climate change
Unit 2: Global climate—vulnerability and resilience

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