Date | May 2008 | Marks available | 17 | Reference code | 08M.3srg.hl.TZ1.3 |
Level | HL only | Paper | Paper 3 Sets, relations and groups | Time zone | TZ1 |
Command term | Find, Show that, and State | Question number | 3 | Adapted from | N/A |
Question
(a) Find the six roots of the equation z6−1=0 , giving your answers in the form rcisθ, r∈R+, 0⩽θ<2π .
(b) (i) Show that these six roots form a group G under multiplication of complex numbers.
(ii) Show that G is cyclic and find all the generators.
(iii) Give an example of another group that is isomorphic to G, stating clearly the corresponding elements in the two groups.
Markscheme
(a) z6=1=cis2nπ (M1)
The six roots are
cis0(1), cisπ3, cis2π3, cisπ(−1), cis4π3, cis5π3 A3
Note: Award A2 for 4 or 5 correct roots, A1 for 2 or 3 correct roots.
[4 marks]
(b) (i) Closure: Consider any two roots cismπ3, cisnπ3. M1
cismπ3×cisnπ3=cis(m+n)(mod6)π3∈G A1
Note: Award M1A1 for a correct Cayley table showing closure.
Identity: The identity is 1. A1
Inverse: The inverse of cismπ3 is cis(6−m)π3∈G . A2
Associative: This follows from the associativity of multiplication. R1
The 4 group axioms are satisfied. R1
(ii) Successive powers of cisπ3(or cis5π3)
generate the group which is therefore cyclic. R2
The (only) other generator is cis5π3(or cisπ3) . A1
Note: Award A0 for any additional answers.
(iii) The group of the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 under addition modulo 6. R2
The correspondence is
m→cismπ3 R1
Note: Accept any other cyclic group of order 6.
[13 marks]
Total [17 marks]
Examiners report
This question was reasonably well answered by many candidates, although in (b)(iii), some candidates were unable to give another group isomorphic to G.